FILL IN THE BLANKS {NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION} NCERT BASED

*NEURAL CONTROL & COORDINATION* 

QUESTION 

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1] A __________ is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron.

2] The process that occurs involuntary is called ___________. {Example: Touch to hot object}

3] The release neurotransmitter binds to their specific ____________ present on the post synaptic membrane.

4] The electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane is called as _____________.

6] The ________ play major role as a coordinating center for sensory & motor signaling {part of cerebral hemisphere}.

7] The cerebral hemisphere is connected by tract of nerve called ___________. 

10] The _____________ part of the brain consists of Pons, medulla & cerebellum.

11] _________ part of hind brain, consist of fiber tracts that interconnect different region of the brain.

13] The part of fore-brain called as _______________ are responsible for complex function like intersensory association & memory.

15] A neuron is microscopic structure composed of three parts ….

_____________, _____________ & ____________.

17] The cell body of neuron contain cytoplasm & contain granular bodies called _______.

18] The dorsal portion of mid brain consists of four round swelling called as ____________.

20] The ________ part of forebrain, contain number of centers which control body temperature, urge for eating & drinking.

21] In resting stage, the axonal membrane is comparatively more permeable to __________ ion.

23] The __________ pathway comprises at least one afferent neuron and one efferent neuron.

25] The axon terminates as a bulb like structure called __________.

26] The inner layer of cranial meninges is called as _________.

28] Short fiber which project out of cell body of neuron are called as ________.

31] ___________ is the process through which two or more organ interact and compliment the function of one another.

32] The neural system of all animal is composed by highly specialized cell called_________.

34] The ____________ neural system transmits impulses from the CNS to involuntary organ & smooth muscle of the body.

35] A canal called ___________ passes through mid-brain.

37] The PNS is divided into two division ________ & ___________.

38] The gap between two adjacent myeline sheath are called as _________.

39] The electrical potential difference across the resting plasma membrane is called as _____________.

41] The type of _________ synapse has synoptic cleft.

43] The layer of cells which cover the cerebral hemisphere are called _________.

46] Three major region make up cerebellum.... viz __________, pons & medulla oblongata.

47] The autonomic neural system is dividing into _______________ & _______________.

48] The middle layer of cranial meninges is called as __________.

49] The inner part of cerebral hemisphere & group of associated deep structure like ___________ & ______________ form the limbic system

50] Neuron are excitable cell because their membrane is in ____________ state

Part B

1. The ____________system provides chemical integration through hormones. 2. The CNS includes the_________and________

and and is the site of information processing and control.

3. The ____________ nerve fibres transmit impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS and the___________ fibres transmit regulatory impulses from the CNS to the concerned tissue.

4. The PNS is divided into two division called ___________and ____________neural system.

5. The autonomic neural system is classified into________and__________neural system.

6. The cyton of neurons contain certain granular bodies called___________granules.

7.______________type of neurons are found in retina of eye which contain one axon and one dendrite,

8.___________nerve fibre is enclosed by a Schwann cell that does not form a myelin sheath around the axon

9. The gap between two adjacent myelin sheaths is called,______________

10. At resting state, axonal membrane is comparatively more permeable to_________ ions and nearly impermeable. to__________ lons. 

11. The sodium-potassium pump transport____________ outwards and ___________into the cell.

12. The electrical potential difference across the resting plasma membrane is called as the_____________

13. The electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane at depolarized state is called the________________

which is also termed as________________

14. A____________ is formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron, which may or may not be separated by a gap called________________

15. Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always_______ than that across a chemical synapse.

16._______________ synapses are rare in our system.

17. The axon terminals contain vesicles filled with_________________

18. Brain is covered by cranial meninges consisting of an outer layer and inner layer______________ middle layer,____________and inner layer_____________ 

19. A deep cleft divides the cerebrum longitudinally into halves which are termed as left and right____________

20. The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called _______________

21.The_____________ contains a number of centres which control body temperature, urge of eating and drinking.

22. The region called as the ______________are responsible for complex function like intersensory associations,memory and communication.

23. A canal called the_______________passes through the midbrain.

24. The___________ portion of the midbrain consists mainly of four lobes called____________

25. The part of hind brain that contains center which control respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretions is_______________

26. Our paired eyes are located in sockets of the skull called_____________

27. The external layer of eye ball is composed of a dense connective tissue and is called the____________

28. The middle layer of eye ball, ______________contains many blood vessels and is bluish in colour.

29. The choroid layer is thin over the ___________ of the eyeball, but it becomes thick in the______________part

to form the _____________

30. The eyeball contains a transparent crystalline lens which is held in place by _____________ attached to ______________

31. Retina contains three layers of neural cells from inside to outside-_________,__________________ and _________ cells.

32. The two types of photoreceptor cells are._________and_________

33. The day light vision also called as __________ vision is function of _________________ cells.

34. The twilight vision also called as ,____________ vision is function of __________cells

35. The rods contain a purplish-red protein called____________ which contain a derivative of vitamin _________________

36. Photoreceptor cells are not present in eye in the region called ________________

37. At the posterior pole of the eye, lateral to the blind spot, there is a yellowish pigmented spot called ______________ with a central pit called the

38 ______________ is the point where the visual acuity is the greatest.

39. The space between cornea and lens is called ______________ chamber and contain a thin watery fluid called ______________

40. The space between lens and retina is called _______________

chamber and is filled with transparent gel called _______________

41. The photopigments in human eye are composed of ___________ a protein and ___________an aldehyde

of vitamin A.

42. The action potentials are transmitted by the optic nerve to the___________ area of the brain, where the

neural impulses are analyzed and the image is formed on the retina

43. The canal of outer ear is called ________________.

44. ______________ collects the vibrations in the air which produce sound.

45. Tympanic membrane is commonly known as __________________

46. The very fine hairs and wax-secreting glands are present in the skin of______and_____________ part of ear.

47. The tympanic membrane is composed of ____________ tissues covered with skin outside and with _______________

membrane inside.

48. The ____________ ossicle is attached to tympanic membrane and ___________ossicle is attached to oval window of cochlea.

49 _____________ connects middle ear cavity with the pharynx.

50. The fluid filled inner ear is called ______________

51. Membranous labyrinth is surrounded by ________________fluid and it is filled with _______________

fluid.

52. At the base of the cochlea, the scala vestibule ends at the__________ window. while the scala tympani terminate at the_____________window.

53. _____________ is a structure located on the basilar membrane which contains hair cells

54. _______________ cells act as auditory receptors.

55. A large number of processes called___________ are projected from the apical part of each cell.

56. Above the rows of the hair cells is a thin elastic membrane called ____________and membrane

57. The vestibular apparatus is composed of three___________and _______________

58. The ____________ and are the specific receptors of the vestibular apparatus responsible for

maintenance of balance of the body and posture.

59) The movements of___________________

membrane bend the hair cells pressing them against,________________

membrane, which result in generation of nerve impulse.

60.) Process through two or more organ interact and compliment the function of each other is

61.Other system from which nervous system coordinate & integrate in synchronised fashion is:-

62.) Organised network of neural system, which provides quick coordination through

63.) Highly specialised cells in animals which can detect, receive & transmit different kinds of stimuli

64.) Lower vertebrate in which neural organisation is very simple & composed of network of neurons is

65.) Site where all the information are processed & controlled is

66.) Part of PNS which carries impulses from tissue/organ to CNS are

67.) Neural system which relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle is

68.) Branch of PNS which transmit impulses from CNS to involuntary organ and classified into sympathetic & parasympathetic neural system is

69.) Bulb like structure where branch of nerve fibre terminates

70.) Chemicals by which nerve impulses transmit through one neuron to another are

71.) Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

72.) Gap between two adjacent myelin sheath are known as

73.) Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres are found in PNS respectively are

74.) Property of excitability of neuron is due to

75.) At resting stage permeability of K lon is more comparatively Na lon through axonal membrane

76.) At resting stage charge of inner surface is due to presense of

77.) Concentration gradient of axoplasm at resting stage is maintained by

78.) When a stimulus is applied on axonal membrane then generation of action potential is due to

79.) Generation of action potential in stage of

80.) Junctions from which impluse is transmitted through one neuron to another are known as

81.) Type of synapse in which transmission of impulse across neuron is

similar to conduction along a single axon

82.) Inside the skull the brain is covered by some membrane are called as

83.) Deep cleft which divides cerebrum longitudinaly into two halves, known as

84.) Tract of nerve fibre which connects both cerebral hemisphere is

85.) The portion of cerebrum which is greyish in appearance is

86.) Region of cerebral cortex which is neither motor nor sensory is

87.) Major cordinating centre of fore brain which is wrapped around by cerebrum and responsible for motor & sensory signaling is

88.) Important part of fore brain which control body temperature urge for eating & drinking and has several group of neurosecretory cells is

89.) Inner part of cerebral hemisphere, which is involved in sexual behavior, motivation expression of emotional reactions etc. and a group of associated deep structure like amygdala, hippocampus etc. is

90.) Canal of mid brain which connects forebrain & hindbrain is

91.) Round swelling at the dorsal portion of the midbrain is known as

92.) Involuntary response process which require involvement of C.N.S without conscious effort is

93.) The reflex pathway requires at least

94.) Layer of eye ball, which contain many blood vessels and bluish in colour is

95.) Anterior part of choroid layer which hold lens by ligaments is

96.) Regulating muscle, which controls the pupil is a part of

97.) Inner most layer of retina which is situated towards vitreous chamber is

98.) Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

99.) The daylight/photopic or colorsion and twilight/scotopic vision are function of respectively

100.) Vitamin which is required for formation of rodopsin or visual purple is

101.) Types of cones which posses their own characteristic photo pigments are

102.) Point at posterior pole, which is medial to and slightly above the posterior pole from where optic nerve leave is

103.) Central pit of yellowish pigmented macula lutea is

104.) Densely packed portion of macula lutea where visual acuity is greatest is

105.) Space called vitreous chamber filled with transparent gel like substance found in between

106.) Photosensitive compound in the human eye which is composed of a protein and an aldehyde of vitamin A is respectively

107.) Generation of action potential concem with which layer of retina

108.) Sensory functions which are considered for ear are

109.) Middle ear which contain three ossicles in key chain like fashion are namely

110.) Ossicle which is attached with the oval window of the cochlea is

111.) Middle ear cavity connected to pharynx through

112.) Series of channels, formed of by bones are filled with

113.) Coiled portion of membranous labyrinth is filled with

114.) Upper part of bony labyrinth filled by perilymph & separated by reissner's membrane from cochlea is

115.) Scala vestibuli & scala tympani ends at the windows respectively

116.) Hearing apparatus located on basilar membrane is

117.) Vestibular apparatus related with body balance is consist of

118.) Which part of the ear determines the pitch of a sound?

119.) Which part of human brain is most developed?

120.) Which part of our central nervous system acts as a master clock?

*Neural control (Answer)* 

ANSWER 

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1] Nerve impulse                              

2] Reflex action

3] Receptor                                      

4] Action potential

6] Thalamus

7] Corpus collosum

10] Hind brain

11] Pons

13] Association area

15] Cell body, axon & dendrite

17] Nissl’s granule

18] Corpora quadrigemina

20] Hypothalamus

21] Potassium

23] Reflex

25] Synaptic knob

26] Pia meter

28] Dendrite

31] Coordination

32] Neurons

34] Autonomic neural

35] Cerebral aqueduct

37] somatic neural & Autonomic

38] Nodes of Ranvier

39] Resting potential

41] Chemical

43] Cerebral cortex

46] Hind brain

47] Sympathetic & Parasympathetic

48] Arachnoid

49] Amygdala & Hippocampus

50] Polarised

Part B

1. Neural; endocrine

2. Brain; spinal cord

3. Afferent; efferent

4. Somatic; autonomic

5. Sympathetic; parasympathetic

6. Nissl's

7. Bipolar

8. Unmyelinated

9. Nodes of Ranvier

10. Na*; K

11. 3 Nat; 2K+

12. Resting potential

13. Action potential; nerve impulse

14. Synapse; synaptic cleft

15. Electrical

16. Electrical

17. Neurotransmitter

18. Dura mater; arachnoid; pia mater

19. Cerebral hemispheres

20. Corpus callosum

21. Hypothalamus

22. Association area

23. Cerebral aqueduct

24. Dorsal; corpora quadrigemina

25. Medulla

26. Orbits

27. Sclera

28. Choroid

29. Posterior 2/3rd; anterior; ciliary body

30. Ligaments; ciliary body

31. Ganglion; bipolar; photoreceptor

32. Cons; rods

33. Photopic; cones

34. Scotopic; rods

35. Rhodopsin; A

36. Blind spot

37. Macula lutea; fovea

38. Fovea

39. Aqueous; aqueous humor

40. Vitreous; vitreous chamber

41. Opsin; retinal

42. Visual cortex

43. External auditory meatus

44. Pinna

45. Ear drum

46. Pinna; meatue

47. Connective; mucus

48. Malleus; stapes

49. Eustachian tube

50. Labyrinth

51. Perilymph; endolymph

52. Oval; round

53. Organ of corti

54. Hair cells

55. Stereo cilia

56. Tectoral membrane

57. Semi-circular canal; otolith

58. Crista; macula

59. Basilar; tectorial Auditory; auditory cortex

60.) Coordination

61.) Endocrine system

62.) Point to point connections

63.) Neurons

64.) Hydra

65.) CNS

66.) Afferent fibres

67.) Somatic neural system

68.) (A.N.S) Autonomic neural system

69.) Synaptic knob

70.) Neurotransmitters

71.) Schwann cells

72.) Node of Ranvier

73.) Cranial/Spinal nerve and Autonomic & somatic nerve fibres

74.) Polarised state of membrane of neuron

75.) True

76.) More K Jon and negatively charg

protein molecule

77.) Na K pump

78.) Change permeability for Na' lon

79.) Exciting stage

80.) Synapse

81.) Electrical synapse

82.) Meninges/meninx

83.) Median fissure

84.) Corpus callosum

85.) Cerebral cortex

86.) Association area

87.) Thalamus

88.) Hypothalamus

89.) Limbic system

90.) Cerebral aqueduct

91.) Corpora Quadrigemina

92.) Reflex action

93.) One afferent & one efferent neuron

94.) Choroid

95.) Ciliary body

96.) Iris

97.) Ganglionic layer

98.) Photoreceptor layer99.) Cones & Rods

100.) Vitamin A

101.) Red, green & blue lights

102.) Blind spot

103.) Fovea

104.) Fovea

105.) Lens & retina

106.) Opsin & retinal

107.) Ganglionic layer

108.) Hearing & maintenance of body

109.) Malleus, incus and stapes

110.) Stapes

111.) Eustachian tube

112.) Perilymph

113.) Endolymph

114.) Scala Vestibuli

115.) Oval & Round window

116.) Organ of corti

117.)Semi-circular canal & otolith organ

118.) Cochlea

119.) Cerebrum

120.) Hypothalamus